helm-external-secrets/pkg/controllers/externalsecret/externalsecret_controller.go

/*
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package externalsecret

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/go-logr/logr"
	v1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/equality"
	apierrors "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/api/errors"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	"k8s.io/client-go/rest"
	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/record"
	ctrl "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/controller"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/controller/controllerutil"

	esv1beta1 "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/apis/externalsecrets/v1beta1"
	// Metrics.
	"github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/pkg/controllers/externalsecret/esmetrics"
	ctrlmetrics "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/pkg/controllers/metrics"
	// Loading registered generators.
	_ "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/pkg/generator/register"
	// Loading registered providers.
	_ "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/pkg/provider/register"
	"github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/pkg/utils"
)

const (
	fieldOwnerTemplate      = "externalsecrets.external-secrets.io/%v"
	errGetES                = "could not get ExternalSecret"
	errConvert              = "could not apply conversion strategy to keys: %v"
	errDecode               = "could not apply decoding strategy to %v[%d]: %v"
	errGenerate             = "could not generate [%d]: %w"
	errRewrite              = "could not rewrite spec.dataFrom[%d]: %v"
	errInvalidKeys          = "secret keys from spec.dataFrom.%v[%d] can only have alphanumeric,'-', '_' or '.' characters. Convert them using rewrite (https://external-secrets.io/latest/guides-datafrom-rewrite)"
	errUpdateSecret         = "could not update Secret"
	errPatchStatus          = "unable to patch status"
	errStoreRef             = "could not get store reference"
	errStoreUsability       = "could not use store reference"
	errStoreProvider        = "could not get store provider"
	errStoreClient          = "could not get provider client"
	errGetExistingSecret    = "could not get existing secret: %w"
	errCloseStoreClient     = "could not close provider client"
	errSetCtrlReference     = "could not set ExternalSecret controller reference: %w"
	errFetchTplFrom         = "error fetching templateFrom data: %w"
	errGetSecretData        = "could not get secret data from provider"
	errDeleteSecret         = "could not delete secret"
	errApplyTemplate        = "could not apply template: %w"
	errExecTpl              = "could not execute template: %w"
	errInvalidCreatePolicy  = "invalid creationPolicy=%s. Can not delete secret i do not own"
	errPolicyMergeNotFound  = "the desired secret %s was not found. With creationPolicy=Merge the secret won't be created"
	errPolicyMergeGetSecret = "unable to get secret %s: %w"
	errPolicyMergeMutate    = "unable to mutate secret %s: %w"
	errPolicyMergePatch     = "unable to patch secret %s: %w"
	errTplCMMissingKey      = "error in configmap %s: missing key %s"
	errTplSecMissingKey     = "error in secret %s: missing key %s"
)

// Reconciler reconciles a ExternalSecret object.
type Reconciler struct {
	client.Client
	Log                       logr.Logger
	Scheme                    *runtime.Scheme
	RestConfig                *rest.Config
	ControllerClass           string
	RequeueInterval           time.Duration
	ClusterSecretStoreEnabled bool
	EnableFloodGate           bool
	recorder                  record.EventRecorder
}

// Reconcile implements the main reconciliation loop
// for watched objects (ExternalSecret, ClusterSecretStore and SecretStore),
// and updates/creates a Kubernetes secret based on them.
func (r *Reconciler) Reconcile(ctx context.Context, req ctrl.Request) (ctrl.Result, error) {
	log := r.Log.WithValues("ExternalSecret", req.NamespacedName)

	resourceLabels := ctrlmetrics.RefineNonConditionMetricLabels(map[string]string{"name": req.Name, "namespace": req.Namespace})
	start := time.Now()

	syncCallsError := esmetrics.GetCounterVec(esmetrics.SyncCallsErrorKey)

	// use closures to dynamically update resourceLabels
	defer func() {
		esmetrics.GetGaugeVec(esmetrics.ExternalSecretReconcileDurationKey).With(resourceLabels).Set(float64(time.Since(start)))
		esmetrics.GetCounterVec(esmetrics.SyncCallsKey).With(resourceLabels).Inc()
	}()

	var externalSecret esv1beta1.ExternalSecret
	err := r.Get(ctx, req.NamespacedName, &externalSecret)

	if err != nil {
		if apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
			conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretDeleted, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretDeleted, "Secret was deleted")
			SetExternalSecretCondition(&esv1beta1.ExternalSecret{
				ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
					Name:      req.Name,
					Namespace: req.Namespace,
				},
			}, *conditionSynced)

			return ctrl.Result{}, nil
		}

		log.Error(err, errGetES)
		syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()

		return ctrl.Result{}, nil
	}

	// if extended metrics is enabled, refine the time series vector
	resourceLabels = ctrlmetrics.RefineLabels(resourceLabels, externalSecret.Labels)

	if shouldSkipClusterSecretStore(r, externalSecret) {
		log.Info("skipping cluster secret store as it is disabled")
		return ctrl.Result{}, nil
	}

	// skip when pointing to an unmanaged store
	skip, err := shouldSkipUnmanagedStore(ctx, req.Namespace, r, externalSecret)
	if skip {
		log.Info("skipping unmanaged store as it points to a unmanaged controllerClass")
		return ctrl.Result{}, nil
	}

	refreshInt := r.RequeueInterval
	if externalSecret.Spec.RefreshInterval != nil {
		refreshInt = externalSecret.Spec.RefreshInterval.Duration
	}

	// Target Secret Name should default to the ExternalSecret name if not explicitly specified
	secretName := externalSecret.Spec.Target.Name
	if secretName == "" {
		secretName = externalSecret.ObjectMeta.Name
	}

	// fetch external secret, we need to ensure that it exists, and it's hashmap corresponds
	var existingSecret v1.Secret
	err = r.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{
		Name:      secretName,
		Namespace: externalSecret.Namespace,
	}, &existingSecret)
	if err != nil && !apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
		log.Error(err, errGetExistingSecret)
	}

	// refresh should be skipped if
	// 1. resource generation hasn't changed
	// 2. refresh interval is 0
	// 3. if we're still within refresh-interval
	if !shouldRefresh(externalSecret) && isSecretValid(existingSecret) {
		log.V(1).Info("skipping refresh", "rv", getResourceVersion(externalSecret))
		return ctrl.Result{RequeueAfter: refreshInt}, nil
	}
	if !shouldReconcile(externalSecret) {
		log.V(1).Info("stopping reconciling", "rv", getResourceVersion(externalSecret))
		return ctrl.Result{
			RequeueAfter: 0,
			Requeue:      false,
		}, nil
	}

	// patch status when done processing
	p := client.MergeFrom(externalSecret.DeepCopy())
	defer func() {
		err = r.Status().Patch(ctx, &externalSecret, p)
		if err != nil {
			log.Error(err, errPatchStatus)
		}
	}()

	secret := &v1.Secret{
		ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
			Name:      secretName,
			Namespace: externalSecret.Namespace,
		},
		Immutable: &externalSecret.Spec.Target.Immutable,
		Data:      make(map[string][]byte),
	}

	dataMap, err := r.getProviderSecretData(ctx, &externalSecret)
	if err != nil {
		log.Error(err, errGetSecretData)
		r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeWarning, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdateFailed, err.Error())
		conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSyncedError, errGetSecretData)
		SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
		syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()
		return ctrl.Result{}, err
	}

	// if no data was found we can delete the secret if needed.
	if len(dataMap) == 0 {
		switch externalSecret.Spec.Target.DeletionPolicy {
		// delete secret and return early.
		case esv1beta1.DeletionPolicyDelete:
			// safeguard that we only can delete secrets we own
			// this is also implemented in the es validation webhook
			if externalSecret.Spec.Target.CreationPolicy != esv1beta1.CreatePolicyOwner {
				err := fmt.Errorf(errInvalidCreatePolicy, externalSecret.Spec.Target.CreationPolicy)
				log.Error(err, errDeleteSecret)
				r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeWarning, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdateFailed, err.Error())
				conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSyncedError, errDeleteSecret)
				SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
				syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()
				return ctrl.Result{}, err
			}
			err = r.Delete(ctx, secret)
			if err != nil && !apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
				log.Error(err, errDeleteSecret)
				r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeWarning, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdateFailed, err.Error())
				conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSyncedError, errDeleteSecret)
				SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
				syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()
			}

			conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionTrue, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretDeleted, "secret deleted due to DeletionPolicy")
			SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
			return ctrl.Result{RequeueAfter: refreshInt}, err

		case esv1beta1.DeletionPolicyMerge:
			// noop, handled below

		// In case provider secrets don't exist the kubernetes secret will be kept as-is.
		case esv1beta1.DeletionPolicyRetain:
			return ctrl.Result{RequeueAfter: refreshInt}, nil
		}
	}

	mutationFunc := func() error {
		if externalSecret.Spec.Target.CreationPolicy == esv1beta1.CreatePolicyOwner {
			err = controllerutil.SetControllerReference(&externalSecret, &secret.ObjectMeta, r.Scheme)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf(errSetCtrlReference, err)
			}
		}
		if secret.Data == nil {
			secret.Data = make(map[string][]byte)
		}
		// diff existing keys
		keys, err := getManagedKeys(&existingSecret, externalSecret.Name)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		// Sanitize data map for any updates on the ES
		for _, key := range keys {
			if dataMap[key] == nil {
				secret.Data[key] = nil
				// Sanitizing any templated / updated keys
				delete(secret.Data, key)
			}
		}
		err = r.applyTemplate(ctx, &externalSecret, secret, dataMap)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf(errApplyTemplate, err)
		}
		if externalSecret.Spec.Target.CreationPolicy == esv1beta1.CreatePolicyOwner {
			secret.Labels[esv1beta1.LabelOwner] = fmt.Sprintf("%v_%v", externalSecret.Namespace, externalSecret.Name)
		}

		return nil
	}

	switch externalSecret.Spec.Target.CreationPolicy { //nolint
	case esv1beta1.CreatePolicyMerge:
		err = patchSecret(ctx, r.Client, r.Scheme, secret, mutationFunc, externalSecret.Name)
		if err == nil {
			externalSecret.Status.Binding = v1.LocalObjectReference{Name: secret.Name}
		}
	case esv1beta1.CreatePolicyNone:
		log.V(1).Info("secret creation skipped due to creationPolicy=None")
		err = nil
	default:
		created, err := createOrUpdate(ctx, r.Client, secret, mutationFunc, externalSecret.Name)
		if err == nil {
			externalSecret.Status.Binding = v1.LocalObjectReference{Name: secret.Name}
		}
		// cleanup orphaned secrets
		if created {
			delErr := deleteOrphanedSecrets(ctx, r.Client, &externalSecret)
			if delErr != nil {
				msg := fmt.Sprintf("failed to clean up orphaned secrets: %v", delErr)
				log.Error(err, msg)
				r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeWarning, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdateFailed, err.Error())
				conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSyncedError, msg)
				SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
				syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()
				return ctrl.Result{}, err
			}
		}
	}

	if err != nil {
		log.Error(err, errUpdateSecret)
		r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeWarning, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdateFailed, err.Error())
		conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionFalse, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSyncedError, errUpdateSecret)
		SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
		syncCallsError.With(resourceLabels).Inc()
		return ctrl.Result{}, err
	}

	r.recorder.Event(&externalSecret, v1.EventTypeNormal, esv1beta1.ReasonUpdated, "Updated Secret")
	conditionSynced := NewExternalSecretCondition(esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady, v1.ConditionTrue, esv1beta1.ConditionReasonSecretSynced, "Secret was synced")
	currCond := GetExternalSecretCondition(externalSecret.Status, esv1beta1.ExternalSecretReady)
	SetExternalSecretCondition(&externalSecret, *conditionSynced)
	externalSecret.Status.RefreshTime = metav1.NewTime(time.Now())
	externalSecret.Status.SyncedResourceVersion = getResourceVersion(externalSecret)
	if currCond == nil || currCond.Status != conditionSynced.Status {
		log.Info("reconciled secret") // Log once if on success in any verbosity
	} else {
		log.V(1).Info("reconciled secret") // Log all reconciliation cycles if higher verbosity applied
	}

	return ctrl.Result{
		RequeueAfter: refreshInt,
	}, nil
}

func deleteOrphanedSecrets(ctx context.Context, cl client.Client, externalSecret *esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) error {
	secretList := v1.SecretList{}
	label := fmt.Sprintf("%v_%v", externalSecret.ObjectMeta.Namespace, externalSecret.ObjectMeta.Name)
	ls := &metav1.LabelSelector{
		MatchLabels: map[string]string{
			esv1beta1.LabelOwner: label,
		},
	}
	labelSelector, err := metav1.LabelSelectorAsSelector(ls)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	err = cl.List(ctx, &secretList, &client.ListOptions{LabelSelector: labelSelector})
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	for key, secret := range secretList.Items {
		if externalSecret.Spec.Target.Name != "" && secret.Name != externalSecret.Spec.Target.Name {
			err = cl.Delete(ctx, &secretList.Items[key])
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func createOrUpdate(ctx context.Context, c client.Client, obj client.Object, f func() error, fieldOwner string) (bool, error) {
	fqdn := fmt.Sprintf(fieldOwnerTemplate, fieldOwner)
	key := client.ObjectKeyFromObject(obj)
	if err := c.Get(ctx, key, obj); err != nil {
		if !apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
			return false, err
		}
		if err := f(); err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
		// Setting Field Owner even for CreationPolicy==Create
		if err := c.Create(ctx, obj, client.FieldOwner(fqdn)); err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
		return true, nil
	}

	existing := obj.DeepCopyObject()
	if err := f(); err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	if equality.Semantic.DeepEqual(existing, obj) {
		return false, nil
	}

	if err := c.Update(ctx, obj, client.FieldOwner(fqdn)); err != nil {
		return false, err
	}
	return false, nil
}

func patchSecret(ctx context.Context, c client.Client, scheme *runtime.Scheme, secret *v1.Secret, mutationFunc func() error, fieldOwner string) error {
	fqdn := fmt.Sprintf(fieldOwnerTemplate, fieldOwner)
	err := c.Get(ctx, client.ObjectKeyFromObject(secret), secret.DeepCopy())
	if apierrors.IsNotFound(err) {
		return fmt.Errorf(errPolicyMergeNotFound, secret.Name)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf(errPolicyMergeGetSecret, secret.Name, err)
	}
	existing := secret.DeepCopyObject()

	err = mutationFunc()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf(errPolicyMergeMutate, secret.Name, err)
	}

	// GVK is missing in the Secret, see:
	// https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/controller-runtime/issues/526
	// https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/controller-runtime/issues/1517
	// https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/80609
	// we need to manually set it before doing a Patch() as it depends on the GVK
	gvks, unversioned, err := scheme.ObjectKinds(secret)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	if !unversioned && len(gvks) == 1 {
		secret.SetGroupVersionKind(gvks[0])
	}

	if equality.Semantic.DeepEqual(existing, secret) {
		return nil
	}
	// Cleaning up Managed fields manually as to keep patch coherence
	secret.ObjectMeta.ManagedFields = nil
	// we're not able to resolve conflicts so we force ownership
	// see: https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/using-api/server-side-apply/#using-server-side-apply-in-a-controller
	err = c.Patch(ctx, secret, client.Apply, client.FieldOwner(fqdn), client.ForceOwnership)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf(errPolicyMergePatch, secret.Name, err)
	}
	return nil
}

func getManagedKeys(secret *v1.Secret, fieldOwner string) ([]string, error) {
	fqdn := fmt.Sprintf(fieldOwnerTemplate, fieldOwner)
	var keys []string
	for _, v := range secret.ObjectMeta.ManagedFields {
		if v.Manager != fqdn {
			continue
		}
		fields := make(map[string]interface{})
		err := json.Unmarshal(v.FieldsV1.Raw, &fields)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error unmarshaling managed fields: %w", err)
		}
		dataFields := fields["f:data"]
		if dataFields == nil {
			continue
		}
		df, ok := dataFields.(map[string]interface{})
		if !ok {
			continue
		}
		for k := range df {
			if k == "." {
				continue
			}
			keys = append(keys, strings.TrimPrefix(k, "f:"))
		}
	}
	return keys, nil
}

func getResourceVersion(es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%d-%s", es.ObjectMeta.GetGeneration(), hashMeta(es.ObjectMeta))
}

func hashMeta(m metav1.ObjectMeta) string {
	type meta struct {
		annotations map[string]string
		labels      map[string]string
	}
	return utils.ObjectHash(meta{
		annotations: m.Annotations,
		labels:      m.Labels,
	})
}

func shouldSkipClusterSecretStore(r *Reconciler, es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) bool {
	return !r.ClusterSecretStoreEnabled && es.Spec.SecretStoreRef.Kind == esv1beta1.ClusterSecretStoreKind
}

// shouldSkipUnmanagedStore iterates over all secretStore references in the externalSecret spec,
// fetches the store and evaluates the controllerClass property.
// Returns true if any storeRef points to store with a non-matching controllerClass.
func shouldSkipUnmanagedStore(ctx context.Context, namespace string, r *Reconciler, es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) (bool, error) {
	var storeList []esv1beta1.SecretStoreRef

	if es.Spec.SecretStoreRef.Name != "" {
		storeList = append(storeList, es.Spec.SecretStoreRef)
	}

	for _, ref := range es.Spec.Data {
		if ref.SourceRef != nil && ref.SourceRef.SecretStoreRef != nil {
			storeList = append(storeList, *ref.SourceRef.SecretStoreRef)
		}
	}

	for _, ref := range es.Spec.DataFrom {
		if ref.SourceRef != nil && ref.SourceRef.SecretStoreRef != nil {
			storeList = append(storeList, *ref.SourceRef.SecretStoreRef)
		}

		// verify that generator's controllerClass matches
		if ref.SourceRef != nil && ref.SourceRef.GeneratorRef != nil {
			genDef, err := r.getGeneratorDefinition(ctx, namespace, ref.SourceRef)
			if err != nil {
				return false, err
			}
			skipGenerator, err := shouldSkipGenerator(r, genDef)
			if err != nil {
				return false, err
			}
			if skipGenerator {
				return true, nil
			}
		}
	}

	for _, ref := range storeList {
		var store esv1beta1.GenericStore

		switch ref.Kind {
		case esv1beta1.SecretStoreKind, "":
			store = &esv1beta1.SecretStore{}
		case esv1beta1.ClusterSecretStoreKind:
			store = &esv1beta1.ClusterSecretStore{}
			namespace = ""
		}

		err := r.Client.Get(ctx, types.NamespacedName{
			Name:      ref.Name,
			Namespace: namespace,
		}, store)
		if err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
		class := store.GetSpec().Controller
		if class != "" && class != r.ControllerClass {
			return true, nil
		}
	}
	return false, nil
}

func shouldRefresh(es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) bool {
	// refresh if resource version changed
	if es.Status.SyncedResourceVersion != getResourceVersion(es) {
		return true
	}

	// skip refresh if refresh interval is 0
	if es.Spec.RefreshInterval.Duration == 0 && es.Status.SyncedResourceVersion != "" {
		return false
	}
	if es.Status.RefreshTime.IsZero() {
		return true
	}
	return es.Status.RefreshTime.Add(es.Spec.RefreshInterval.Duration).Before(time.Now())
}

func shouldReconcile(es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) bool {
	if es.Spec.Target.Immutable && hasSyncedCondition(es) {
		return false
	}
	return true
}

func hasSyncedCondition(es esv1beta1.ExternalSecret) bool {
	for _, condition := range es.Status.Conditions {
		if condition.Reason == "SecretSynced" {
			return true
		}
	}
	return false
}

// isSecretValid checks if the secret exists, and it's data is consistent with the calculated hash.
func isSecretValid(existingSecret v1.Secret) bool {
	// if target secret doesn't exist, or annotations as not set, we need to refresh
	if existingSecret.UID == "" || existingSecret.Annotations == nil {
		return false
	}

	// if the calculated hash is different from the calculation, then it's invalid
	if existingSecret.Annotations[esv1beta1.AnnotationDataHash] != utils.ObjectHash(existingSecret.Data) {
		return false
	}
	return true
}

// SetupWithManager returns a new controller builder that will be started by the provided Manager.
func (r *Reconciler) SetupWithManager(mgr ctrl.Manager, opts controller.Options) error {
	r.recorder = mgr.GetEventRecorderFor("external-secrets")

	return ctrl.NewControllerManagedBy(mgr).
		WithOptions(opts).
		For(&esv1beta1.ExternalSecret{}).
		Owns(&v1.Secret{}).
		Complete(r)
}