helm-external-secrets/providers/v1/gcp/secretmanager/workload_identity_federation_test.go

/*
Copyright © 2025 ESO Maintainer Team

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

package secretmanager

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/json"
	"testing"

	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
	"golang.org/x/oauth2/google/externalaccount"
	authv1 "k8s.io/api/authentication/v1"
	corev1 "k8s.io/api/core/v1"
	metav1 "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1"
	"k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/types"
	"sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client"
	clientfake "sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime/pkg/client/fake"

	esv1 "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/apis/externalsecrets/v1"
	esmeta "github.com/external-secrets/external-secrets/apis/meta/v1"
)

type workloadIdentityFederationTest struct {
	name              string
	wifConfig         *esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation
	kubeObjects       []client.Object
	genSAToken        func(context.Context, []string, string, string) (*authv1.TokenRequest, error)
	expectError       string
	expectTokenSource bool
}

const (
	testConfigMapName                  = "external-account-config"
	testConfigMapKey                   = "config.json"
	testServiceAccount                 = "test-sa"
	testAudience                       = "//iam.googleapis.com/projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/test-pool/providers/test-provider"
	testServiceAccountImpersonationURL = "https://iamcredentials.googleapis.com/v1/projects/-/serviceAccounts/test@test.iam.gserviceaccount.com:generateAccessToken"
	testSAToken                        = "test-sa-token"
	testAwsRegion                      = "us-west-2"
	// below values taken from https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkref/latest/guide/feature-static-credentials.html
	testAwsAccessKey = "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE"
	testAwsSecretKey = "wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYEXAMPLEKEY"
	// below value taken from https://docs.aws.amazon.com/STS/latest/APIReference/API_GetSessionToken.html
	testAwsSessionToken        = "AQoEXAMPLEH4aoAH0gNCAPyJxz4BlCFFxWNE1OPTgk5TthT+FvwqnKwRcOIfrRh3c/LTo6UDdyJwOOvEVPvLXCrrrUtdnniCEXAMPLE/IvU1dYUg2RVAJBanLiHb4IgRmpRV3zrkuWJOgQs8IZZaIv2BXIa2R4OlgkBN9bkUDNCJiBeb/AXlzBBko7b15fjrBs2+cTQtpZ3CYWFXG8C5zqx37wnOE49mRl/+OtkIKGO7fAE"
	testAwsTokenFQDNURL        = "http://metadata.google.internal/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials"
	testAwsRegionFQDNURL       = "http://metadata.google.internal/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone"
	testAwsSessionTokenFQDNURL = "http://metadata.google.internal/latest/api/token"
	testAwsTokenIPV4URL        = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials"
	testAwsRegionIPv4URL       = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone"
	testAwsSessionTokenIPv4URL = "http://169.254.169.254/latest/api/token"
	testAwsTokenIPV6URL        = "http://[fd00:ec2::254]/latest/meta-data/iam/security-credentials"
	testAwsRegionIPv6URL       = "http://[fd00:ec2::254]/latest/meta-data/placement/availability-zone"
	testAwsSessionTokenIPv6URL = "http://[fd00:ec2::254]/latest/api/token"
)

var (
	testNamespace = "external-secrets-tests"
)

func createValidK8sExternalAccountConfig(audience string) string {
	config := map[string]interface{}{
		"type":               externalAccountCredentialType,
		"audience":           audience,
		"subject_token_type": workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		"token_url":          workloadIdentityTokenURL,
		"credential_source": map[string]interface{}{
			"file": "/var/run/secrets/oidc_token",
		},
		"token_info_url": workloadIdentityTokenInfoURL,
	}
	data, _ := json.Marshal(config)
	return string(data)
}

func createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(audience string) string {
	config := map[string]interface{}{
		"type":                              externalAccountCredentialType,
		"audience":                          audience,
		"subject_token_type":                workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		"token_url":                         workloadIdentityTokenURL,
		"service_account_impersonation_url": testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
		"credential_source": map[string]interface{}{
			"environment_id":           "aws1",
			"url":                      testAwsTokenIPV4URL,
			"region_url":               testAwsRegionIPv4URL,
			"imdsv2_session_token_url": testAwsSessionTokenIPv4URL,
		},
	}
	data, _ := json.Marshal(config)
	return string(data)
}

func createInvalidTypeExternalAccountConfig() string {
	config := map[string]interface{}{
		"type":     "service_account",
		"audience": testAudience,
	}
	data, _ := json.Marshal(config)
	return string(data)
}

func createInvalidK8sExternalAccountConfigWithUnallowedTokenFilePath(audience string) string {
	config := map[string]interface{}{
		"type":               externalAccountCredentialType,
		"audience":           audience,
		"subject_token_type": workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		"token_url":          workloadIdentityTokenURL,
		"credential_source": map[string]interface{}{
			"file": autoMountedServiceAccountTokenPath,
		},
		"token_info_url": workloadIdentityTokenInfoURL,
	}
	data, _ := json.Marshal(config)
	return string(data)
}

func createInvalidK8sExternalAccountConfigWithUnallowedTokenURL(audience string) string {
	config := map[string]interface{}{
		"type":               externalAccountCredentialType,
		"audience":           audience,
		"subject_token_type": workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		"token_url":          "https://example.com",
		"credential_source": map[string]interface{}{
			"file": "/var/run/secrets/oidc_token",
		},
		"token_info_url": workloadIdentityTokenInfoURL,
	}
	data, _ := json.Marshal(config)
	return string(data)
}

func defaultSATokenGenerator(ctx context.Context, idPool []string, namespace, name string) (*authv1.TokenRequest, error) {
	return &authv1.TokenRequest{
		Status: authv1.TokenRequestStatus{
			Token: testSAToken,
		},
	}, nil
}

func TestWorkloadIdentityFederation(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []*workloadIdentityFederationTest{
		{
			name:      "workload identity federation config is empty",
			wifConfig: nil,
		},
		{
			name: "invalid workload identity federation config without audience",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				ServiceAccountRef: &esmeta.ServiceAccountSelector{
					Name:      testServiceAccount,
					Namespace: &testNamespace,
					Audiences: []string{testAudience},
				},
			},
			expectError: `invalid workloadIdentityFederation config: audience must be provided, when serviceAccountRef or awsSecurityCredentials is provided`,
		},
		{
			name: "successful kubernetes service account token federation",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidK8sExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			expectTokenSource: true,
		},
		{
			name: "cred configmap configured non-existent key",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						"incorrect": createValidK8sExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: `missing key "config.json" in configmap "external-account-config"`,
		},
		{
			name: "cred configmap configured with wrong key name",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       "wrongKey",
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidK8sExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: `missing key "wrongKey" in configmap "external-account-config"`,
		},
		{
			name: "invalid cred config - invalid tokenURL",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createInvalidK8sExternalAccountConfigWithUnallowedTokenURL(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\ntoken_url \"https://example.com\" must match https://sts.googleapis.com/v1/token",
		},
		{
			name: "successful AWS federation with security credentials",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
				&corev1.Secret{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string][]byte{
						awsAccessKeyIDKeyName:     []byte(testAwsAccessKey),
						awsSecretAccessKeyKeyName: []byte(testAwsSecretKey),
						awsSessionTokenKeyName:    []byte(testAwsSessionToken),
					},
				},
			},
			expectTokenSource: true,
		},
		{
			name: "external account creds configmap not present",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{},
			expectError: `failed to fetch external acccount credentials configmap "external-secrets-tests/external-account-config": configmaps "external-account-config" not found`,
		},
		{
			name: "creds configmap has invalid type",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createInvalidTypeExternalAccountConfig(),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: `invalid credentials: 'type' field is "service_account" (expected "external_account")`,
		},
		{
			name: "creds configmap has non-json data",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: "invalid-json",
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: "failed to unmarshal external acccount config in \"external-account-config\": invalid character 'i' looking for beginning of value",
		},
		{
			name: "successful with service account reference",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				ServiceAccountRef: &esmeta.ServiceAccountSelector{
					Name:      testServiceAccount,
					Namespace: &testNamespace,
					Audiences: []string{testAudience},
				},
				Audience: testAudience,
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createInvalidK8sExternalAccountConfigWithUnallowedTokenFilePath(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			genSAToken: func(c context.Context, s1 []string, s2, s3 string) (*authv1.TokenRequest, error) {
				return &authv1.TokenRequest{
					Status: authv1.TokenRequestStatus{
						Token: testSAToken,
					},
				}, nil
			},
			expectTokenSource: true,
		},
		{
			name: "valid AWS credentials secret",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				AwsSecurityCredentials: &esv1.AwsCredentialsConfig{
					Region: testAwsRegion,
					AwsCredentialsSecretRef: &esv1.SecretReference{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
				},
				Audience: testAudience,
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
				&corev1.Secret{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string][]byte{
						awsAccessKeyIDKeyName:     []byte(testAwsAccessKey),
						awsSecretAccessKeyKeyName: []byte(testAwsSecretKey),
					},
				},
			},
		},
		{
			name: "non-existent AWS credentials secret",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				AwsSecurityCredentials: &esv1.AwsCredentialsConfig{
					Region: testAwsRegion,
					AwsCredentialsSecretRef: &esv1.SecretReference{
						Name:      "non-existent-aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
				},
				Audience: testAudience,
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: `failed to fetch AwsSecurityCredentials secret "external-secrets-tests/non-existent-aws-creds": secrets "non-existent-aws-creds" not found`,
		},
		{
			name: "invalid AWS credentials - aws_access_key_id not provided",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				AwsSecurityCredentials: &esv1.AwsCredentialsConfig{
					Region: testAwsRegion,
					AwsCredentialsSecretRef: &esv1.SecretReference{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
				},
				Audience: testAudience,
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
				&corev1.Secret{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string][]byte{
						awsSecretAccessKeyKeyName: []byte(testAwsSecretKey),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: "aws_access_key_id and aws_secret_access_key keys must be present in AwsSecurityCredentials secret",
		},
		{
			name: "credConfig is empty",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: nil,
			},
			expectError: "invalid workloadIdentityFederation config: exactly one of credConfig, awsSecurityCredentials or serviceAccountRef must be provided",
		},
		{
			name: "both credential_source in credConfig and AwsCredentialsConfig are set",
			wifConfig: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
				},
				AwsSecurityCredentials: &esv1.AwsCredentialsConfig{
					Region: testAwsRegion,
					AwsCredentialsSecretRef: &esv1.SecretReference{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: createValidAWSExternalAccountConfig(testAudience),
					},
				},
				&corev1.Secret{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      "aws-creds",
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string][]byte{
						awsAccessKeyIDKeyName:     []byte(testAwsAccessKey),
						awsSecretAccessKeyKeyName: []byte(testAwsSecretKey),
						awsSessionTokenKeyName:    []byte(testAwsSessionToken),
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: "invalid workloadIdentityFederation config: exactly one of credConfig, awsSecurityCredentials or serviceAccountRef must be provided",
		},
	}

	for _, tc := range tests {
		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			fakeClient := clientfake.NewClientBuilder().WithObjects(tc.kubeObjects...).Build()

			fakeSATG := &fakeSATokenGen{
				GenerateFunc: tc.genSAToken,
			}
			if tc.genSAToken == nil {
				fakeSATG.GenerateFunc = defaultSATokenGenerator
			}

			wif := &workloadIdentityFederation{
				kubeClient:       fakeClient,
				saTokenGenerator: fakeSATG,
				config:           tc.wifConfig,
				isClusterKind:    true,
				namespace:        testNamespace,
			}

			ts, err := wif.TokenSource(context.Background())
			if tc.expectError != "" {
				assert.Error(t, err)
				assert.Equal(t, tc.expectError, err.Error())
				assert.Nil(t, ts)
			} else {
				assert.NoError(t, err)
				if tc.expectTokenSource {
					assert.NotNil(t, ts)
				}
			}
		})
	}
}

func TestValidateCredConfig(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		name        string
		config      *externalaccount.Config
		wif         *esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation
		expectError string
	}{
		{
			name: "valid kubernetes provider config",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				SubjectTokenType:               workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					File: autoMountedServiceAccountTokenPath,
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "",
		},
		{
			name: "valid AWS provider config with IPv6",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				SubjectTokenType:               workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					EnvironmentID:         "aws1",
					URL:                   testAwsTokenIPV6URL,
					RegionURL:             testAwsRegionIPv6URL,
					IMDSv2SessionTokenURL: testAwsSessionTokenIPv6URL,
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "",
		},
		{
			name: "valid AWS provider config with FQDN",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				SubjectTokenType:               workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					EnvironmentID:         "aws1",
					URL:                   testAwsTokenFQDNURL,
					RegionURL:             testAwsRegionFQDNURL,
					IMDSv2SessionTokenURL: testAwsSessionTokenFQDNURL,
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "",
		},
		{
			name: "invalid service account impersonation URL",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: "https://invalid-url.com",
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\nservice_account_impersonation_url \"https://invalid-url.com\" does not have expected value",
		},
		{
			name: "invalid token URL",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				TokenURL:                       "https://invalid-token-url.com",
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\ntoken_url \"https://invalid-token-url.com\" must match https://sts.googleapis.com/v1/token",
		},
		{
			name: "executable is configured",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					Executable: &externalaccount.ExecutableConfig{
						Command: "/usr/local/bin/token-issuer",
					},
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\ncredential_source.executable.command is not allowed\none of credential_source.file, credential_source.url, credential_source.aws.url or credential_source_environment_id should be provided",
		},
		{
			name: "invalid config - empty audience",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					File: "/var/run/secrets/token",
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\naudience is empty",
		},
		{
			name: "invalid config - invalid URL",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					URL: "https://example.com",
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig:            &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
				ExternalTokenEndpoint: "https://mismatch.com",
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\ncredential_source.url \"https://example.com\" does not match with the configured https://mismatch.com externalTokenEndpoint",
		},
		{
			name: "invalid config - invalid AWS config",
			config: &externalaccount.Config{
				Audience:                       testAudience,
				TokenURL:                       workloadIdentityTokenURL,
				ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
				CredentialSource: &externalaccount.CredentialSource{
					EnvironmentID:         "sample",
					URL:                   "https://aws-token.com",
					RegionURL:             "https://region.com",
					IMDSv2SessionTokenURL: "https://session-token.com",
				},
			},
			wif: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig:            &esv1.ConfigMapReference{Name: testConfigMapName},
				ExternalTokenEndpoint: "https://mismatch.com",
			},
			expectError: "invalid external_account config\ncredential_source.environment_id \"sample\" must start with aws\ncredential_source.aws.url \"https://aws-token.com\" does not have expected value\ncredential_source.aws.region_url \"https://region.com\" does not have expected value\ncredential_source.aws.imdsv2_session_token_url \"https://session-token.com\" does not have expected value",
		},
	}

	for _, tc := range tests {
		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			err := validateExternalAccountConfig(tc.config, tc.wif)
			if tc.expectError != "" {
				assert.Error(t, err)
				assert.Equal(t, tc.expectError, err.Error())
			} else {
				assert.NoError(t, err)
			}
		})
	}
}

func TestK8sSATokenReader(t *testing.T) {
	r := &k8sSATokenReader{
		audience:         testAudience,
		subjectTokenType: workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		saTokenGenerator: &fakeSATokenGen{
			GenerateFunc: defaultSATokenGenerator,
		},
		saAudience: []string{testAudience},
		serviceAccount: types.NamespacedName{
			Name:      testServiceAccount,
			Namespace: testNamespace,
		},
	}

	ctx := context.Background()

	// Test successful token generation
	token, err := r.SubjectToken(ctx, externalaccount.SupplierOptions{
		Audience:         testAudience,
		SubjectTokenType: workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
	})
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.Equal(t, testSAToken, token)

	// Test invalid audience
	_, err = r.SubjectToken(ctx, externalaccount.SupplierOptions{
		Audience:         "invalid-audience",
		SubjectTokenType: workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
	})
	assert.Error(t, err)
	assert.Equal(t,
		`invalid subject token request, audience is invalid-audience(expected //iam.googleapis.com/projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/test-pool/providers/test-provider) and subject_token_type is urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:jwt(expected urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:jwt)`,
		err.Error())

	// Test invalid subject token type
	_, err = r.SubjectToken(ctx, externalaccount.SupplierOptions{
		Audience:         testAudience,
		SubjectTokenType: "invalid-type",
	})
	assert.Error(t, err)
	assert.Equal(t,
		`invalid subject token request, audience is //iam.googleapis.com/projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/test-pool/providers/test-provider(expected //iam.googleapis.com/projects/123456789/locations/global/workloadIdentityPools/test-pool/providers/test-provider) and subject_token_type is invalid-type(expected urn:ietf:params:oauth:token-type:jwt)`,
		err.Error())
}

func TestAWSSecurityCredentialsReader(t *testing.T) {
	r := &awsSecurityCredentialsReader{
		region: testAwsRegion,
		awsSecurityCredentials: &externalaccount.AwsSecurityCredentials{
			AccessKeyID:     testAwsAccessKey,
			SecretAccessKey: testAwsSecretKey,
			SessionToken:    testAwsSessionToken,
		},
	}

	ctx := context.Background()
	options := externalaccount.SupplierOptions{}

	// Test region retrieval
	region, err := r.AwsRegion(ctx, options)
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.Equal(t, testAwsRegion, region)

	// Test credentials retrieval
	creds, err := r.AwsSecurityCredentials(ctx, options)
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.Equal(t, testAwsAccessKey, creds.AccessKeyID)
	assert.Equal(t, testAwsSecretKey, creds.SecretAccessKey)
	assert.Equal(t, testAwsSessionToken, creds.SessionToken)
}

func TestReadCredConfig(t *testing.T) {
	tests := []struct {
		name        string
		config      *esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation
		kubeObjects []client.Object
		expectError string
	}{
		{
			name: "cred configmap has empty data",
			config: &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
				CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
					Name:      testConfigMapName,
					Namespace: testNamespace,
					Key:       testConfigMapKey,
				},
			},
			kubeObjects: []client.Object{
				&corev1.ConfigMap{
					ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
						Name:      testConfigMapName,
						Namespace: testNamespace,
					},
					Data: map[string]string{
						testConfigMapKey: "",
					},
				},
			},
			expectError: `key "config.json" in configmap "external-account-config" has empty value`,
		},
	}

	for _, tc := range tests {
		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
			fakeClient := clientfake.NewClientBuilder().WithObjects(tc.kubeObjects...).Build()

			wif := &workloadIdentityFederation{
				kubeClient:       fakeClient,
				saTokenGenerator: &fakeSATokenGen{GenerateFunc: defaultSATokenGenerator},
				config:           tc.config,
				isClusterKind:    false,
				namespace:        testNamespace,
			}

			ctx := context.Background()
			_, err := wif.readCredConfig(ctx)

			if tc.expectError != "" {
				assert.Error(t, err)
				assert.Equal(t, tc.expectError, err.Error())
			} else {
				assert.NoError(t, err)
			}
		})
	}
}

func TestGenerateExternalAccountConfig(t *testing.T) {
	wif := &esv1.GCPWorkloadIdentityFederation{
		CredConfig: &esv1.ConfigMapReference{
			Name:      testConfigMapName,
			Namespace: testNamespace,
		},
		AwsSecurityCredentials: &esv1.AwsCredentialsConfig{
			Region: testAwsRegion,
			AwsCredentialsSecretRef: &esv1.SecretReference{
				Name:      "aws-creds",
				Namespace: testNamespace,
			},
		},
		Audience: testAudience,
	}

	kubeObjects := []client.Object{
		&corev1.Secret{
			ObjectMeta: metav1.ObjectMeta{
				Name:      "aws-creds",
				Namespace: testNamespace,
			},
			Data: map[string][]byte{
				awsAccessKeyIDKeyName:     []byte(testAwsAccessKey),
				awsSecretAccessKeyKeyName: []byte(testAwsSecretKey),
				awsSessionTokenKeyName:    []byte(testAwsSessionToken),
			},
		},
	}

	fakeClient := clientfake.NewClientBuilder().WithObjects(kubeObjects...).Build()

	wifInstance := &workloadIdentityFederation{
		kubeClient:       fakeClient,
		saTokenGenerator: &fakeSATokenGen{GenerateFunc: defaultSATokenGenerator},
		config:           wif,
		isClusterKind:    false,
		namespace:        testNamespace,
	}

	ctx := context.Background()
	credFile := &credentialsFile{
		Type:                           externalAccountCredentialType,
		Audience:                       testAudience,
		SubjectTokenType:               workloadIdentitySubjectTokenType,
		TokenURLExternal:               workloadIdentityTokenURL,
		ServiceAccountImpersonationURL: testServiceAccountImpersonationURL,
	}

	config, err := wifInstance.generateExternalAccountConfig(ctx, credFile)
	assert.NoError(t, err)
	assert.NotNil(t, config)
	assert.NotNil(t, config.AwsSecurityCredentialsSupplier)
	assert.Equal(t, testAudience, config.Audience)
}